LOS ELEMENTOS INVARIABLES DEL CONCEPTO DE CIUDADANÍA

Abstract

The contemporary debate on citizenship reflects profound changes in modern societies, challenging the traditional concept. From Marshall's classical theories to Ferrajoli's recent reflections, different conceptions of citizenship are explored. Despite the diverse views, there are invariant elements that characterize citizenship: belonging to a community, political relationship with the State, recognition of fundamental rights, regulation of individual freedom, equality among members, and participation in collective decisions. In today's plural and multicultural societies, there is a need to rethink citizenship to recognize cultural diversity and the specific rights of minority groups. Ultimately, citizenship is a dynamic concept that must adapt to social and cultural changes to ensure fair and equitable coexistence in contemporary societies.