ECONOMIC LAW AND THE CAPITALIST SYSTEM: BETWEEN A TRADITIONAL VIEW AND AN INSTITUTIONAL-HISTORICAL VIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55839/2318-8650RevParRPv34n3pa156-179%20Keywords:
Economic Law, Economic Regulation, Economic Constitutional Order, CapitalismAbstract
Using a theoretical and qualitative deductive methodology, with a historical-institutional analysis of constitutional sources, legislation, and doctrine, this article aims to analyze the modern State as the structural legal basis of capitalism, repositioning the emergence of Economic Law before 1917/1919. After the introduction, the second chapter addresses the transition from feudalism to capitalism—mercantilism, the revolutions of 1787/1789, and the Industrial Revolution—as a state-mandated construction of markets. The third chapter discusses Locke and Polanyi, contrasting the natural law of property with the institutional-historical thesis of planned commodification. The fourth chapter addresses the dual narrative (traditional versus institutional-historical) and interprets Articles 170 and 174 of the Federal Constitution of 1988 as a guiding rule shaping the economic order, criticizing the neutrality of free enterprise and free competition. Finally, it concludes that Economic Law is not a belated remedy, but a constitutive language of capitalism and a parameter for public policy.
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