Rastreamento de Streptococcus do Grupo B em gestantes: revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59464/2359-4632.2024.3326Palavras-chave:
Infecção Estreptocócica do Grupo B, Gestantes, RastreamentoResumo
Objetivo: identificar os melhores métodos para rastreio pré-natal para a prevenção de infecção perinatal por Streptococcus do Grupo B em gestantes. Métodos: revisão integrativa, desenvolvida nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed e CINAHL, e nas bibliotecas virtuais SciELO e BVS, através do cruzamento das palavras “Streptococcus do Grupo B”, “Gestantes” e “Rastreamento”. A busca foi feita em março de 2024, considerando apenas a captura de artigos científicos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, com dados primários, em inglês, português e/ou espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra. A busca foi realizada com dois pesquisadores independentes, e a apresentação dos dados considerou o título do artigo, nome do periódico, autores, ano de publicação, país, tipo de estudo, objetivo, amostra, resultados e nível de evidência. Resultados: Dos 535 trabalhos identificados, apenas 14 artigos compuseram a amostra, focando em métodos diagnósticos moleculares e sua eficácia, custo, e facilidade de uso para triagem de estreptococos do grupo b. Os resultados sugerem que PCR em tempo real e outros métodos moleculares rápidos são superiores ao padrão-ouro de cultura bacteriana em termos de rapidez e precisão. Conclusão: a integração dos métodos diagnósticos avançados pode aprimorar significativamente as estratégias de prevenção da transmissão vertical da bactéria. Características socioculturais e fatores de risco das populações rastreadas devem ser consideradas para um manejo e tratamento mais específicos.
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