Análise temporal da mortalidade materna por COVID-19 no Brasil em 2022 e 2023: estudo transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59464/2359-4632.2025.3669Palavras-chave:
COVID-19, Gravidez, Período pós-parto, Saúde da Mulher, Mortalidade MaternaResumo
Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade e a evolução clínica de mulheres em idade reprodutiva (gestantes e puérperas) com COVID-19 no Brasil durante os anos de 2022 e 2023. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo e exploratório, baseado em dados secundários do Observatório Obstétrico Brasileiro de COVID-19 (OOBr). Foram incluídos registros de mulheres hospitalizadas com diagnóstico de COVID-19, abrangendo informações demográficas, clínicas e gestacionais. As análises envolveram estatísticas descritivas e bivariadas, considerando um nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: As mulheres na faixa etária de 20-34 anos e com ensino médio predominaram entre os casos. Quanto à cor da pele, indígenas e pretas apresentaram maior vulnerabilidade, enquanto as brancas foram maioria em números absolutos. Regionalmente, a maior concentração foi no Sudeste, e a menor, no Norte. O terceiro trimestre gestacional exibiu o menor risco relativo (RR=0,067; p=0,011853), seguido pelo período puerpério (RR=0,075). A hospitalização em UTI e a necessidade de ventilação invasiva foram associadas a maior risco relativo. A evolução para óbito mostrou-se significativa (RR=0,128; p=0,047329), destacando a gravidade em casos críticos. Conclusão: Mulheres em idade reprodutiva continuam sendo um grupo vulnerável à COVID-19, especialmente aquelas com fatores de risco como cardiopatias e obesidade. Há necessidade de estratégias preventivas e assistência especializada para reduzir a mortalidade materna.
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