POPULISMO POLÍTICO E AMEAÇA À CIDADANIA: O PAPEL DO DIREITO NA PROMOÇÃO DA DEMOCRACIA E NA PREVENÇÃO DE CONFLITOS

Abstract

Political pluralism, which is the foundation of the Federal Republic of Brazil, means the existence of multiple expressions of ideologies, represented by different class groups and conflicting interests. Citizenship, in turn, represents – in addition to the exercise of political rights – the possibility to fully enjoy the benefits arising therefrom and participating in the formulation of the country's directions. It occurs when strategies for overcoming national problems are debated. On the Other hand, populist political Leaders are incapable of producing sufficiently and adequate responses to a project of effective citizenship, limiting themselves to distorting of the democratic principle, to the generate new conflicts and degradate the political pluralism principle. Political populism is a movement that centralizes in the figure of a maximum leader the messianism that proposes to solve the problems present in reality, normally through democratic institutional ruptures and the establishment of law and order. The present work proposes to answer the following question: what would be the role of Law in the implementation of sufficient guidelines for the defense of democracy, promoting political pluralism from the strengthening of citizenship, in contrast to political populism? The research demonstrated that the Law plays a primordial role in the dynamics of conflict management, so that the improvement of legislative quality, as well as the indication of adequate parameters in judicial decisions have the power to promote citizenship, through respect for political pluralism, without which there is no effective democracy.